The city’s name is derived from the Gaelic Béal Feirste (Mouth of the Sandbank or Crossing of the River). A castle, probably built there about 1177 by John de Courci, the Norman conqueror of Ulster, seems to have survived until the beginning of the 17th century. Though the site of Belfast has been occupied since the Stone Age, its modern history began in 1611 when Baron Arthur Chichester built a new castle there. Harland and Wolff, the chief shipbuilding firm in the city, built the luxury liner.
Industrial expansion, sectarian division
Join in the festive cheer in Belfast – explore the magic of Christmas with twinkling market stalls and sparkling illuminations. Get a flavour for Belfast with tours to its top food and drink spots, from cosy dining and gin jaunts to off-the-beaten-track surprises. From bobbing along in an inflatable water zorb to paddling on a two-person kayak – take to Belfast’s River Lagan for an adventurous and adrenaline-filled time. Visit the Titanic Memorial Garden, and tour one of the city’s most iconic landmarks – all for free. Grab your mates and tuck into a feast of amazing street food, craft beer, great wines and artisan cocktails. Founded in 1951, this is one of Belfast’s top spots for picnics, walking and outdoor events.
Learn more with a museum visit
Discover an oasis of calm in bustling Belfast – a delightful mix of Victorian charm and natural beauty. More than just a city, Belfast is the experience of a lifetime. But you don’t have to go very far from the city centre to enjoy a bit of outdoor adventure. Cutting-edge food, traditional pubs and incredible Titanic history take Belfast to the next level. Cutting-edge food, traditional pubs and Titanic history take Belfast to the next level. From the city’s airport at Aldergrove, 13 miles (21 km) northwest, services are maintained with some principal international cities.
On long summer evenings, retreat to the beer gardens at The Thirsty Goat or The Dirty Onion (patio heaters and awnings included). Filming locations for the blockbuster fantasy series are littered across the country, and major scenes were shot in Belfast studios, so visitors to the city can also travel to the places where fictional Westeros once became a reality. The ground floor exhibition has displays on Belfast’s history and culture; artifacts include a sideboard intended for the captain’s quarters on Titanic. Each of the windows along the northeast corridor commemorates a significant moment or group in the city’s history.
On the east side, a branch of the Ulster Bank is built behind the classical portico of a former Methodist church dating from 1846. The Baroque revival City Hall was finished in 1906 on the site of the former White Linen Hall, and was built to reflect Belfast’s city status, granted by Queen Victoria in 1888. Of the much larger Victorian city a substantial legacy has survived the Blitz, The Troubles and planning and development. Of the various markets, including those for the sale and shipping of belfast cabs livestock, from which it derives its name, only one survives, the former produce market, St George’s Market, now a food and craft market popular with visitors to the city. Next to the former the Harland & Wolff Drawing Offices (now an hotel), stands the "cultural nucleus to Titanic Quarter", Titanic Belfast (2012) whose interactive galleries tell the liner’s ill-fated story.
- Grab your mates and tuck into a feast of amazing street food, craft beer, great wines and artisan cocktails.
- Belfast was the home town of former Manchester United player George Best, the 1968 European Footballer of the Year, who died in November 2005.
- Belfast is the largest city in Northern Ireland and while it is famous for the Belfast Titanic museum and ‘Troubles Tours’ around The Falls Road and Shankill areas, there is quite a bit more to enjoy about the city.
- In 1997, unionists lost overall control of Belfast City Council for the first time in its history, with the Alliance Party holding the balance of power.
- The city is the shopping, retail, educational, commercial, entertainment, and service centre for Northern Ireland and the seat of many of its largest businesses and hospitals.
The SCENEic Route
What is sometimes referred to as the Catholic equivalent of the Orangemen, the much smaller Ancient Order of Hibernians, confines its parades to nationalist areas in west and north Belfast, as do republicans commemorating the Easter Rising. While some local feeder and return marches have a history of sectarian disturbance, in recent years, events have generally passed off without serious incident. It has grown from its original August Féile on the Falls Road, to a year-round programme with a broad range of arts events, talks and discussions.
Take a local tour and learn more about Belfast’s history
The Linen Quarter’, an area south of City Hall once dominated by linen warehouses, now includes, in addition to cafés, bars and restaurants, a dozen hotels (including the 23-storey Grand Central Hotel), and the city’s two principal Victorian-era cultural venues, the Grand Opera House and the Ulster Hall. The completion in 2023 of Ulster University’s enhanced Belfast campus (in "one of the largest higher education capital builds in Europe") and the determination of Queen’s University to compete with the private sector in the provision of student housing, has fostered the construction downtown of multiple new student residences. These include Cupar Way where tourists are informed that, at 45 feet, the barrier is "three times higher than the Berlin Wall and has been in place for twice as long". At the same time, a British-funded welfare state "revolutionised access" to education and health care.
Board settings
Were these 40,000 interlocking basalt columns created by an ancient volcanic eruption, or built by the fabled giant Finn MacCool? From arrests to ambushes, this walking tour reveals the locations where the hit TV series was filmed. Glide around Belfast on a Belfast city bike tour for an exciting and eco-friendly way to see the city’s sights – don’t forget to stop off for some ice-cream at the docks.
Significant projects included Victoria Square, the Cathedral Quarter, Laganside with the Odyssey complex and the landmark Waterfront Hall, the new Titanic Quarter with its Titanic Belfast visitor attraction, and the development of the original Short’s harbour airfield as Belfast City Airport. Northern Ireland’s peace dividend since the 1990s, which includes a marked increase in inward investment, has contributed to a large-scale redevelopment of the city centre. These include a new deepwater quay to accommodate, in addition to larger cruise liners, an expansion the port’s capacity for offshore wind turbine assembly and installation. In recent years Harland & Wolff, which at peak production in the Second World War had employed around 35,000 people, has had a workforce of no more than two or three hundred refurbishing oil rigs and fabricating off-shore wind turbines. It is a group, encompassing homemakers, full-time carers, students and retirees, that in Belfast has been swollen by the exceptionally large proportion of the population (27%) with long-term health problems or disabilities (and who, in Northern Ireland generally, are less likely to be employed than in other UK regions).
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